植物的衰老与玉米超高产演示幻灯片.pptVIP

植物的衰老与玉米超高产;植物的衰老--有序的主动的过程;多年生木本植物落叶衰老;落叶衰老;落叶衰老;;;;;;;;主要内容：;1.衰老的生理生化变化;细胞结构的变化：细胞结构逐渐解体、生物膜结构破坏、细胞透性增大水解酶分散产生自溶作用进而使细胞解体死亡。 植物内源激素的变化： 促进植物生长的激素，IAA萘乙酸、GA赤霉素、CTK细胞分裂素等含量逐步下降 诱导衰老和成熟的激素，ABA脱落酸、ETH乙烯等含量增加 ;2.有关衰老的学说：; ;3.植物衰老的调控;3.1、衰老的基因调控;3.2、植物生长物质对衰老的影响;3.3.环境因素对衰老的影响;4.衰老与玉米高产;玉米产量增进技术进程：;4.1提高密度带来的问题;[1] He P(何萍), Jin J-Y(金继运). Effect of N and K nutrition on changes of endogenous hormone and metabolism of active oxygen during leaf senescence in spring maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci(植物营养与肥料学报), 1999, 5(4): 289–296 (in Chinese withEnglish abstract) [2] Crafts-Brandner S J, Poneleit C G. Effect of ear removal on CO2 exchange and activities of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of maize hy- brids and inbred lines. Plant Physiol, 1987, 84: 261–265 [3] Wang Y-J(王永军). Study on Population Quality and Individual Physiology Function of Super High-Yielding Maize (Zea mays L.). PhD Dissertation of Shandong Agricultural University, 2008 (in Chinese with English abstract) [4] Huang Z-X(黄振喜), Wang Y-J(王永军), Wang K-J(王空军), LiD-H(李登海), Zhao M(赵明), Liu J-G(柳京国), Dong S-T(董树亭), Wang H-J(王洪军), Wang J-H(王军海), Yang J-S(杨今胜). Photosynthetic traits of over-15000 kg ha–1summer maize hybrids during grain filling. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2007,40(9): 1898–1906 (in Chinese with English abstract) [5] Colomb B, Kiniry J R, Debaeke P. Effect of soil phosphorus on leaf development and senescence dynamics of field-grown maize.Agron J, 2000, 92: 428–435 [6] Erley G S, Begum N, Worku M, B?nziger M, Horst W J. Leaf senescence induced by nitrogen deficiency as indicator of genotypic differences in nitrogen efficiency in tropical maize. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci, 2007, 170: 106–114;4.2.1超高产玉米--叶片;1.B L Ma and L M Dwyer Nitrogen uptake and use of two con trasting maize hybrids inleaf senescence[J]. Plant and Soil,1998,199:283-291 2 .Davide Ceppietal.Genotype-Dependent Leaf Senescence in Maize PlantPhysiol. 1987,85:720-725 3. Gentinetta R, Brodbeck U. Acetylc