[工学]汽车动力学课件.pptVIP

VEHICLE DYNAMICS AND CONTROL汽车动力学及控制 参考书目 1、R. Rojimani, Vehicle Dynamics and Control, SPRINGER . Ltd. 2、J.R. Ellis, Vehicle Dynamics, LONDON BUSINESS BOOK. Ltd. 3、喻凡，汽车系统动力学，机械工业出版社。 4、周云山，汽车电子控制技术，机械工业出版社。 5、张洪欣， 汽车系统动力学，同济大学出版社。 6、余志生，汽车理论，机械工业出版社。 7、靳晓雄，汽车振动分析 ，同济大学出版社 CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION概论 The use of automobiles is increasing worldwidely. In 1970, 30 million vehicles were produced and 246 million vehicles were registered注册 on the world. By 2009, about 70 million vehicles have been produced and more than 800 million vehicles could be registered. The increasing worldwide use of automobiles has motivated促使 the need that develop vehicles to optimize优化 the use of highway and fuel resources, to provide safe and comfortable transportation and at the same time have minimal impact on the environment. It is a great challenge to develop such vehicles that can satisfy these diverse不同的 and often conflicting冲突 requirements. To meet this challenge, automobiles are increasingly relying on electro-mechanical systems机电一体化系统 that employ sensors传感器, actuators执行器 and feedback control反馈控制. Advances进展 in solid state electronics固态电子学, sensors, computer technology and control systems during the last two decades have also played an enabling role in promoting this trend. 1.1 DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS 驾驶员辅助系统 On average, one person dies every minute somewhere in the world due to a car crash碰撞. In addition to the emotional toll惊人的费用 of car crashes, their actual costs in damages实际损害成本 equaled to 3% of the world GDP in 2000. Data from the National Highway Transportation Safety Association (NHTSA) 美国高速公路交通安全协会show that 6.335 million accidents事故 occurred on US highways in 1998 (NHTSA, 1999). Data also indicates that, while a variety of factors contribute to促成 accidents, but human error accounts for over 90% of all accidents. A variety of driver assistance systems are being