[工学]第7章DataBase.ppt

An Introduction to Database System Content of this course ? Foundation 基础篇 Chapter1：Introduction 绪论 Chapter2：Relational Database 关系数据库 Chapter3：Standard Relational-Database Language (SQL) 关系数据库标准语言SQL Chapter4：Relational System and Query Optimization 关系系统及其查询优化 ? Design 设计篇 Chapter5：Relational Data Theory 关系数据理论 Chapter6：Database Design 数据库设计 ? System 系统篇 Chapter7：Database Recovery Technology 数据库恢复技术 Chapter8：Concurrency Control 并发控制 Chapter9：Database Security 数据库安全性 Chapter10：Database Integrity 数据库完整性 Chapter 7 Database Recovery Technology 数据库恢复技术 7.1 Transaction Concept 事务的基本概念 7.2 Database Recovery Instruction数据库恢复概述 7.3 Failure Classification故障的种类 7.4 Recovery Implementation Technology恢复的实现技术 7.5 Recovery Strategy恢复策略 7.6 Recovery Technology with Checkpoint 具有检查点的恢复技术 7.7 Database Mirror数据库镜像 7.8 Recovery Technology of Oracle Oracle的恢复技术 7.9 Summary小结 7.1 Transaction Concept 事务的基本概念 A database system must ensure proper execution of transactions despite failures----- either the entire transaction executes, or none of it does. 1. What is a transaction?什么是事务 2. How to define transactions?如何定义事务 3. Transaction Properties事务的特性 1. What is a Transaction?什么是事务 Collections of operations that form a single logical unit of work are called transactions. A transaction is a unit of program execution that accesses and possibly updates various data items.事务是用户定义的一个数据库操作序列，这些操作要么全做，要么全不做，是一个不可分割的工作单位 Transaction Concept (Cont.) Transaction and program are different. In relational database, a transaction can be a SQL sentence, a group of SQL sentences or an entire program. 在关系数据库中，一个事务可以是一条SQL语句，一组SQL语句或整个程序 A program could contain many transactions.一个应用程序通常包含多个事务 Transaction Concept (Cont.) A transaction must see a consistent database. During transaction execution the database may be inconsistent. When the transaction is committed, the database must be consistent. 2. How to define transactions?如何定义事务 explicit style 显式定义方式 BEGIN TRANSACTION