[文学]unit 3 Education in the UnitedStates.ppt

Education in the United States American Education System Introduction The Present Education System Higher Educatin History Introduction Purpose of education --- is to achieve universal literacy and provide individuals with knowledge and skill necessary to promote the welfare for individuals and the general public. 普及教育，并使每个人掌握必要的知识和技能以利于自身发展，并为公众谋福利。 Education ---A Local Matter From Hawaii to Delaware, from Alaska to Louisiana, each of the 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. From state to state, some laws are similar; others are not. --- age limits All states require young people to attend school. The age limits vary: 32 states require attendance to age 16; eight to 18; etc. .---instructional material (教材) Some states play a strong role in the selection of learning material for their students. For example, state committees may decide which publishers textbooks can be purchased with state funds. In other cases, decisions about buying instructional material are left entirely to local school officials. ---major public concerns Americans have a strong tendency to educate their children about major public concerns—problems such as environmental pollution, nuclear issues, neighborhood crime and drugs. Responding to public pressure, boards of education in different areas often add courses on various relevant issues to the elementary and secondary school curriculum. 作为对公众压力的反应，各地教育委员会经常会在小学和中学增设相关课程。 Boards of Education (学校董事会；教育委员会）--- refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at the state and/or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification and the overall measurement of student progress. The Present Education System Compulsory Every child in America is guaranteed up to 13 years of education regardless of a child’s race, religion, sex, learning problems, physical handicap (残疾) or inability to speak E