考虑欠拨成本允许分批交货两层级供应链之最佳物流及存货策略.PDFVIP

2005第九屆科際整合管理研討會 May 28 PP667-678 考慮欠撥成本允許分批交貨兩層級供應鏈之最佳物流 及存貨策略 蕭裕正 林台岳 廖芳君 德明技術學院企業管理系 德明技術學院 企業管理系 輔仁大學 企業管理系 副教授 副教授 研究生 jeyu@.tw 摘要 大多數的經濟生產批量模式在批量生產完成後，才一次交貨給下一層級，供應鏈中各層級所 貯存的原料、在製品與成品為數不少，整體供應鏈的製造週期亦為可觀，若改為以分批量交貨， 存貨與製造週期的降低足以彌補運輸成本的增加，而使總成本下降。本研究係針對兩層級供應鏈， 於訂購批量已知機率性需求的情況下，假設前置時間與製造批量成正比，允許分批交貨以縮短前 置時間，為維持一定的服務水準，需要適當的安全存量，缺貨發生時，消費者接受欠撥，但銷售 商須付出額外的欠撥成本。依前述之條件，建構物流及存貨模式，並求其最佳交貨分批數、再訂 購點及安全存量。 關鍵詞：供應鏈、欠撥成本、前置時間、物流、存貨 Optimal logistic and inventory policies of two-stage supply chain with back order cost and partial lot consideration Abstract In typical models for determining the economic production quantity (EPQ), the supplier produces and transports a single lot product to the customer. Therefore the inventory of the material, work in process and the final product shall cost a lot. In order to decrease inventory level, partial lots (batches) can be transported to the customer. Moreover, the lead time can be declined. For a known lot size, the inventory level and the expected stock-out decrease as the number of batches increases. On the contrary, the safety stock and the associated transportation cost inevitably increase. Therefore, a decision on the number of batches is a tradeoff between the holding cost, stock-out cost and transportation cost. This study established a logistic and inventory mode with back order cost and partial lot consideration. Then the optimal number of batches and reorder point are solved. Keywords: Supply chain; Back order cost; Lead time; Logistic; Inventory. - 667 - 2005第九屆科際整合管理研討會 壹、緒言 在全