[英语]语法复习一名词和主谓一致.pptVIP

高三下语法复习一：名词和主谓一致 名词 一、考点聚焦 1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。 以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es 以“o”， f, (roofs, proof, gulf, beliefs）结尾的 复合名词的复数形式。 （A）词尾加-s： armchair — armchairs, bookcase — bookcases （B）man和woman，前后两个名词都变复数 man doctor — men doctors （C）主体名词部分加-s passer-by — passers-by。 试题举例 ____ will make a trip around the coming Christmas. A. The Evens B. The Evens’ C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’ _____ Turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves Who did you spend last weekend with? ____. A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’ C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s CDC （2）不规则变化。 ①单、复数同形。means, aircraft, works（工厂） ②合成名词的复数。 boy-friend — boy-friends, grown-up — grown-ups。 ③有些名词通常只用作复数。 clothes衣服，goods货物，belongings所有物, surroundings环境，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高热情地，give one’s regards to sb.向某人问侯，good manners 礼貌 ④集体名词的数。 有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people, cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;clothing 有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。 2、不可数名词的数 牢记下列不可数：news, furniture, advice, information, equipment, luggage ①抽象名词具体化抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如： 抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词） in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事 win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事) win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事) by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历 youth青春 a youth一个青年人 have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情 with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事 ②抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如： A knowledge of English is a must in international trade. Would you like to have a walk (swim, bath, talk) with me? She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings. 试题举例 The fire started in the basement and quickly spread to the first floor, where it destroyed all the _____. A. furnitures and equipments B. furniture and equipment C. furniture and equipments D. furnitures and equipment Key : B Recently he has lost all his ____ at cards. A. wage and saving B. wages a