《THE POWER OF NATURE》学案6（人教版选修6）高中高一高二高三英语学案英语导学案下载UNIT 1 2 3 4 5每单元完整学案.docVIP

Unit 5 The Power of Nature –ing 形式作状语 一、ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。 用法 例句 时间 Crossing the road, he was ran over by a car. Having done their homework, the students played football. 原因 Not knowing English, he couldnt understand the film. Having lived in Shanghai, he knows the place very well. 条件 Working hard, you will do well in the exam. Turning to the left, you will see the post office. 让步 Working or reading, she always did her best. Not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously. 伴随 The children went into the classroom, talking and laughing. She sat there, staring at the ceiling. 结果 His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan. The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 二、 –ing形式的完成式 句型 主动 Having +p.p. …, 主语+谓语 被动 (Having been) +p.p…, 主语+谓语 用法 -ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用 例句 Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. 三、学习-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下四点: 一、与过去分词作状语的区别。? 一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较: The?enemy?fled?in?a?panic,?leaving?behind?a?lot?of?dead?bodies?and?weapons. Defeated?and?frightened,?the?enemy?fled?in?a?panic. 分析:前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语,它与其逻辑主语the?enemy之间为主动关系;后一句中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因,它与其逻辑主语the?enemy之间为被动关系。 二、分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 1. Comparing all the great people with each other, you’ll find that they have much in common. 　　 2. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help. 3. The train having gone, we had to wait another day. 分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的逻辑主语是 the train。 三、 -ing形式的否定式。其基本结构是:not + -ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于-ing形式之前。如: 　　Not having finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom.? 四、?-ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。?? 根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如: Walking?on?the?fallen?leaves?in?autumn,?so?you’ll?feel?