[2018年最新整理]Eureka,Eureka阿基米德的数学.docVIP

Eureka, Eureka ！阿基米德的數學 劉豐榮 正修科技大學通識教育中心 摘要 與牛頓 ( Newton, 1642~1727 )、高斯 ( Gauss, 1777~1855 )被稱為史上最偉大的三大數學家的阿基米德 ( Archimedes, 287~212 B.C.)，是古希臘科學創作巔峰的代表，牛頓因站在這位巨人的肩上才能看得更高更遠。雖然阿基米德所生長的時代迄今已逾兩千年之久，但其科學創作與今日之作品相比絲毫不遜色。他的科學精神是如此現代，正如真正鑽石並不因歲月累積之蒙塵而掩蓋其光芒。 這篇論文是延續我個人前篇論文「古希臘數學精神探討」之作。旨在藉由探討阿基米德的數學作品勾勒出這位偉人的創作精神，祈能引導學子進入美麗的數學殿堂。本文共分為三段，在第一段我們介紹阿基米德的生平事蹟及其主要的科學貢獻。第二段將以現代數學慣用的手法重新對他的數學思維作一番巡禮。在第三段的結論中我們將探討阿基米德的科學精神，以及在甚麼環境下才能培養出像阿基米德般的創作天才。 關鍵字：1. 窮竭法、阿基米德螺線、槓桿原理、雙繆法。 Eureka, Eureka! Archimedes’ Mathematics Feng-Jung Liu General Knowledge Education Center, Cheng Shiu University Abstract Archimedes (287~212 B.C.) is regarded as one of the three greatest mathematicians in history along with Newton (1642~1727) and Gauss (1777~1855). He was the representative of the peak scientific creation in the ancient Greeks. Newton, standing on the shoulders of this giant, could watch higher and farther. Although it has been more than 2,000 years since the growing age of Archimedes, his scientific creations were by no means inferior to the creative works of today. His scientific spirit was so modern, just like the real diamond which never loses its glory even it is covered by dust all through these years. Being an extension of my previous research paper, “Investigation of the Ancient Greek Mathematical Spirit,” this research paper aims at exploring how the mathematical works of Archimedes depict the creative spirits of this great mathematician, and lead students to enter the wonderful palace of mathematics. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the life story of Archimedes and his major scientific contributions. The second part goes on a pilgrimage of his mathematical thoughts by using the modern mathematical practices. The third part concludes the scientific spirits of Archimedes, and discusses under what circumstances can a creative genius like Archimedes be trained. Key words: method of exhaustion, Archimedes spiral, lever principle, double standar