外文文献—Android起航毕业设计论文.docxVIP

附录 I 英文原文Beginning Android.U sin g X M L -B a sed L a y ou tsW hile i t i s technically possible to create and a ttach w idg ets to our activity purely throug h J ava code, the w ay w e did in C hapter 4 , the more com mon approach i s to use an X M L -based la y out fi le . Dy na mic instantiation of w idg ets i s reserved for more complicated scenarios, w here the w idg ets a re not know n a t com pile-time ( e g ., populating a colum n of radio buttons based on data retrieved off the Internet).W i th that in m ind, i t’s tim e to break out the X M L and learn how to la y out A ndroid activities that w a y.1W h a t Is a n X M L -B a sed L a y ou t?A s the name sug g ests, an X M L -based la y out is a specification of w idg ets ’re la tionships to each other— and totheir containers ( m ore on this in C hapter 7 )— encoded in X M L format. S pecifically, A ndroid considers X M L -based la y outs to be resources, and as such lay out fi les are stored in the res /la y out directory inside y our A ndroid project.Each X M L fi le contains a tree of e lem ents specify ing a lay out of w idg ets and their containers that make up one v iew hierarchy. The a ttributes of the X M L e lem ents a re properties, describing how a w idg et should look or how a container should behave. For ex ample, if a B utton element has an a ttribute value of android: tex tS ty le = bold, that means that the text appearing on the face of the button should be rendered in a boldface font sty le.A ndroid’s S DK ships w ith a tool ( aapt) w hich uses the lay outs. This tool should be automatically invoked by y our A ndroid tool chain ( e .g ., Eclipse, A nt’s build.x ml). Of particular im portance to y ou as a developer i s that aapt g enerates the R .java source fi le w i thin y our project, a l low ing y ou to access lay outs and w idg ets w i thin those l a y outs directly from y our J ava code.2W h y U se X M L -B a sed L a y ou ts?M ost every t