英语语法知识大全grammar.docVIP

一. Tense (1. 时间状语; 2. 动词) 1.一般现在时: 1) 和时间无关; The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 2) 在时间和条件状语中，用一般现在时代替将来时。“主将从现” I’ll ring you as soon as/if he comes back. 现在进行时: 1) 表示厌恶、感激等强烈的感情。 She is always cooking some delicious food for us. He is always finding fault with his employees. 一般过去时 1) 和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如: yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, before---, a few days ago, when…等 He smoked forty cigarettes a day at that time. 2) used to do, be used to doing, be used to do sth He used to work fourteen hours a day. I am used to getting up early in the morning. The pen is used to draw the picture. 现在完成时(Present Perfect ) 现在完成时的时间状语 1)不确定的过去时间状语：（already, yet）, before, recently, lately 2)频率时间状语：often, sometimes, never, ever, once, twice, three times 3)包括现在时间在内时间状语：now, just, today, this morning(week, month)，until(up to) now, so far, in the past(last) two days(weeks, months), all day, for three years, since 1990 过去完成时(Past Perfect) 1) 过去的过去 They fulfilled the plan earlier than they had expected. 2) 过去完成时常和“by the end (time) of + 过去时间”连用 3) hardly/scarcely ... when... 和 no sooner ....than 常用过去完成时=as soon as I had hardly reached the school when the bell rang. No sooner had I reached the school than the bell rang. 6. 将来完成时 将来完成时常和“by the end(time) of + 将来时间”连用。 Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory will have risen by about 10%. When I come back in ten years time, all those old houses will have been pulled down. 二. 动词语态 主动代替被动 1) S + V + adj/adv (sound, taste, smell, wash, write, wear) The food tastes delicious. The clothes washes easily. S + be + adj + to V ( 难易程度impossible, hard, rough, easy ) The book is easy to understand. I like it/I hate it S V O 三. Subjunctive Mood 1) Unreal Condition (If ------, ------) If Clause (If------,) Main Clause(------) Present past(were) would/should/could/might + V Past had Ved would/should/could/might + have Ved