过去分词作定语和表语 Grammar.ppt

Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle. 单个过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之前；当修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词之后。 表示被动或完成意义。 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 例如： For breakfast he only drinks juice from the fresh fruit ___ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow 分析：grown on his farm 相当于限定性定语从句 which/ that are grown on his own farm The disc, digitally ___ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 分析： digitally recorded in the studio 相当于非限定性定语从句 which is digitally recorded in the studio e.g. The books written by Lu Xun are popular． We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago． With the government’s aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 3. 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式。由于不及物动词不可以直接加宾语，所以其过去分词作定语时只表示完成，没有被动意义。 例如： fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries a retired teacher newly-arrived goods 2. What’s the language ___ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 另外, 分词作状语时, 如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或 with 复合结构来替代。(此时, 也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。) 例: The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 1. 过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或 所处的状态，与被动语态结构相似，主要是 表示动作