牛津初中英语2012年中考专题复习-介词.docVIP

知识网络 介词介词的分类时间介词地点介词方式介词介词的功能定语　状语表语　宾语介词短语介词＋名词动词＋介词be＋形容词＋介词 介词是一种虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，但可以与名词、代词或其他词类、短语或从句组成介词短语，在句中作状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。介词可分类如下： 介词按其构成可分为： 　　1. 简单介词 at, in, on, to, since, until等。如： 　　Hes worked there since 1998. 　　2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of等。如： 　　She is out of school. 她毕业了。 　　3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in等。如： 　　Im from out of town. 我是从城外来的。 　　4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of等。如： 　　I went back not because of the rain, but because I was tired. 　 表时间: at强调“点”，in强调“段”，on强调“日”和某日的早、中、晚。 at Christmas I got there at eight this morning. Beijing held the Olympic Games in 2008. The twin sisters were born on a Friday evening. 表示“在一段时间之后”时，“in＋时间段”用于将来时，“after＋时间段”用于过去时。 My friend will be back from Beijing in two days. We finished the work after three months. 表示“延续的一段时间”时，可用“for＋时间段”或“since＋过去的时间点”，常与含延续动词的完成时连用。 —How long have you been in this city? —For ten years. Mr Smith has lived here since 1998. 表示“直到……”或“直到……才……”时，用“until(till)＋时间点”。 注：till多用于口语，且不能放在句首。 She wont be back until(till) July. “during＋时间段”表示“在……期间”；“by＋时间点”表示“到……为止”，“在……之前”，常用于将来时和完成时中。 They taught there during 2005～2008. The teacher had already started teaching by the time she got to class. After class he will tell us about the accident.。 A heavy rain has been falling across three days. 表时间，在last , next , this, that , some, every等词之前一律不用介词。 表地点时: in表示“范围较大的地方”，强调“空间”；at表示在“范围较小的地方”，强调“点”。 I live in China. We often wait for the bus at the bus stop. 表位置时，in表示“在……内”，on表示“在……上”(接触表面)，on还可以表示“在两边”“在左/右边”。 They are putting up a picture on the wall. The girl on the right is a famous actress. along, by, near over表示与某物不接触的“正上方”，under与其相对，表示“正下方”。 The sky is over our heads. The cat is under the table. above表示“在……的上方”，“高于”；below与其相对，表示“在……的下面”，“低于”。 The temperature will stay above zero in the day time，but at night it will fall below zero again. “across＋表面”表示“横过”；“through＋空间”表示“穿过”、“贯穿”；“over”表示从上面“越过”。 The earth goes around the sun. The car is under