光伏应急照明_论文.docVIP

摘 要 在传统化石能源短缺、世界各国竞相发展可再生能源的今天，太阳能凭借其独特的优势，得到了快速发展，在太阳能的各种应用中，光伏发电倍受青睐，其中，太阳能照明的应用一直是光伏应用的重要组成部分。 本文以武汉市某小区照明系统为模拟对象，自行设计了一个小型的独立光伏照明系统， 对系统关键器件进行了相关容量计算，选择了光伏电池和蓄电池的规格参数；对最大功率点跟踪方法进行介绍，然后设计出适用的DC—DC变换电路，根据该小区的实际情况特征设计了基于Boost电路的最大功率点控制，采用了扰动观察法并对传统方法加以改进，之后对以DSP为主控核心的控制电路与其它相关外围电路进行了分析与设计，从而完成了对整个小型系统的理论分析、选用计算与电路设计。 关键词：光伏发电系统；最大功率点跟踪; 蓄电池; DC—DC变换电路 ABSTRACT With the shortages of traditional fossil fuel energy and the world competing for the development of renewable energy, solar energy ,with its unique advantages, has been rapid development，and in the various applications of solar energy, photovoltaic has been paid much attention． Based on this，；some key issues in the photovoltaic power generation system are studied，such as the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells，the stability of photovoltaic system，the topology of stand-alone PV system，and certain results are achieved． This paper mainly focuses on stand-alone PV power system,?a district of?Wuhan?city?lighting?system?as the simulation object,?a small independent?photovoltaic lighting?system?design analyzes in detail the basic theories and relative characteristics, and then simulation experiments are made to test the function．The core part of this paper is to realize the charging of the battery through maximum power point tracking contr01．Based on the analysis about the output characteristic of solar cells and the require of battery’s charging control，this paper discusses methods of maximum power point tracking，and then designs the proper DC—DC conversion circuit．According to system requirement，the improved perturbation and observation method based on the designed boost converter is established，and the whole design of the system is finished． Key words：Photovoltaic Power；MPPT；Battery；Boost Converter 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 本课题研究的背景与意义 1 1.2 光伏发电系统概述 2 1.3 主要研究内容与设计要求 3 2. 独立光伏发电系统构成及原理 4 2.1 独立光伏发电系统的分类 4 2.1.1 直流光伏发电系统 4 2.1.2 交流光伏发电系统 5 2.2 光伏电池 6 2.2.1 光伏电池的原理 6 2.2.2 光伏电池的分类 6 2.3 光伏系统蓄电池的特点与种类 7 2.4