最新科技译文移动通信系统定位技术.doc

摘要： 本论文主要研究CDMA蜂窝移动通信系统用户定位技术的理论与实践问题。第一，根据空时无线通信矢量信道模型，本文给出了单用户和多用户条件下接收信号的模型，并推导了多径、多天线和分数阶采样条件下，时延、幅度、到达角、平均功率等参数的克拉美罗界并分析了其渐近性能。对于信道参数估计性能界的理论推导，为定位性能的分析奠定了基础。 第二，在参数估计的基础上，推导了无偏估计状态下单用户和多用户位置估计的克拉美罗界，并给出了单参数定位体制(TOA、TDOA、AOA、SOA)及混合参数定位体制(TOA／AOA、TDOA／AOA和SOA／AOA)下，定位估计性能界的解析表达式。 第三，对视距环境下多种基于多传感器的定位算法进行了详细分析，并提出了两种应用于蜂窝系统的用户定位算法：基于最小二乘估计的TDOA速迭代定位算法和基于线性校正最小二乘的TDOA／AOA定位算法。采用蒙特卡罗方法仿真了TDOA和AOA的测量精度、误差分布特性及参与定位的基站数量等参数对算法定位性能的影响。 第四，非视距传播使参数估计的结果不再是无偏估计，所以本文根据蜂窝系统散射模型推导了宏蜂窝和微蜂窝环境中非视距误差的分布，采用渐近均方根误差作为衡量指标。第五，论文最后简单介绍了几种新型的定位方法及辅助定位方法。 关键字：定位 到达角 非视距 Cell-ID GPSSummary：There has been a long history with wireless position location techniques. The fast development in techniques and the rapid growth in demand for cellular communications services have been encouraging research into the deployment of wireless position location techniques in civilian applications. In June 1996, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of United States created rules that require cellular service providers to provide the position of cellular 911 callers to Public Safety Answering Points. The accuracy requirement of the E-911 mandate was initially set to within 125 metres for 67% of users and within 300 metres for 95% of users. In the final phase of E-911 mandate, these numbers are subsequently reduced to within 50 metres and 150 metres for handset-based solutions, 100 metres and 300 metres for network-based solutions, respectively. In many applications with special purposes, such as emergency, national security and military deployment, subscriber position location is very necessary.This dissertation addresses problems of locating cellular subscribers and focuses on the theory and applications of position location techniques in cellular networks, especially in the widely deployed cdma2000 1x and IS-95 CDMA systems. These key issues include signal hearability on reverse channels, bounds on parameter and location estimations, location algorithms with LOS or NLOS measurements and the im