概括段意Summary-Writing_图文.ppt

A third kind of thinking occurs when we are told that our beliefs and opinions are wrong. We may have been heedless in their formation, but our self-esteem will not permit us to change. We may have to give up, but we are not convinced. We do not study the origin of our beliefs; we believe as we have been accustomed to believe, and we seek arguments for continuing to believe as we already do. Summary Writing Objectives Give an appropriate definition for a summary Know the characteristics of a good summary Learn the techniques in summary writing Learn the steps in summary writing Practice I. What is a summary? A summary is a shortened passage, which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement --- in your own words ---of the contents of a passage. Note: you simply report back what the writer has said, without making value judgments. Use of Summary Writing Very good exercise for improving reading comprehension; Helpful to composition writing; Having practical uses. II. Characteristics of a good summary Can be understood without reference to the original; Is a faithful reproduction of, or contains only the ideas or information of, the original; Is brief without any unnecessary detail; Is a readable unified whole III. How to write a summary? The importance of summary writing Necessary elements for a good summary Proper citation title, author, source; date of publication and the text (journal articles) Thesis statement the topic or general subject matter of the text; the author’s major assertion, comment, or position on the topic Supporting ideas major supporting ideas; relationships among these ideas no specifics the author’s purpose in writing no personal opinions, ideas, and inferences. Grammar and the structure of writing avoid direct quotation; use transitional words Length 1/4 to 1/3 of the original Read the article To understand the article and find the g