30米标跨预应力简支T型梁桥.doc

摘 要 预应力混凝土简支T形梁桥由于其具有外形简单，制造方便，结构受力合理，主梁高跨比小，横向借助横隔梁联结，结构整体性好，桥梁下部结构尺寸小和桥型美观等优点，目前在公路桥梁工程中应用非常广泛。 在本次毕业设计方法选用时，主梁就选用了后张法预应力混凝土简支T形梁。 在本次设计中，设计任务书给定了桥型方案，确定了简支梁桥方案后，就其进行了结构设计，设计的主要内容有：拟定截面尺寸；计算控制截面的设计内力及其相应的组合值；估算预应力钢筋的数量并对其进行布置；计算主梁截面的几何特征值；计算预应力损失值；正截面和斜截面的承载力复核；正常使用极限状态下构件抗裂性及变形验算；持久状态下和短暂状态下构件截面应力验算。接着进行了简单的下部结构初步设计，拟定了支座形式，盖梁尺寸以及墩身、桩柱的横截面；最后对下部结构的变形、位移进行了简单验算。 在设计中力求按照规范的要求严格计算步骤，并符合有关对环境和材料性能的要求。 关键词： T形梁，截面特性，预应力损失，下部结构，承载力验算 ABSTRACT Prestressed concrete T-shaped girder bridges are of many advantages. They have simple outlines and can be fabricated easily. The forces that act on their structures are reasonable.The ratio of height of girders to span of girders is small. In landscape orientation the girders are connected by intersecting girders. Therefore the whole structure is of good entirety. And there are still many other merits, such as small size of infrastructure, the beauty of this type of bridge and so on. Because of these advantages the PC T-shaped girder bridges are now widely applied in highway bridge projects. In the process of the design method of the paper. Posttensioning prestressed concrete T-shaped girder is chosen as the main girder of the bridge. In the process of the design of the bridge, the comparison of different types of bridge is done firstly. After the comfirmation of the type of the bridge, the design of the structure is done, including confirming the size of cross sections, calculating the design forces of restraining sections and combining them according to The Criterion, estimating the amount of prestressed steels and arranging them, calculating the geometrical traits of cross sections of girders, calculating the loss of prestress, checking the carrying capacity of cross sections, check computations of the anticrack capacity of the structure and deformation in the ultimate state of normal use, and the stress of cross section respectively in the state of lasting load and in the state of temporary load. After all the work, next is t