定语从句和易溷句型.docVIP

? ? ??????????????????? ? ? ? ? 定语从句和易混句型 重庆荣昌永荣中学 张群英 近年来，定语从句与结果状语从句、强调句、同位语从句和介词+宾语从句屡屡出现在各种考题中，成为高考的常考点和必考点，不少学生对这些句型非常困惑，本文现就这几种句型做个简单明了的说明。 一、? ? ? ? ? ? A 定语从句 ：当先行词前有such ，so 或 the same修饰时，关系代词常用as。如： 1. I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过他讲的这类故事。( as在定语从句中作宾语，先行词是such stories.) 2.The place doesnt look the same as it was before liberation.这个地方看上一去和解放前大不一样了。( as在定语从句中作表语，先行词是same) 3.Have you bought the same book as I referred to yesterday?你有没有买我昨天说的那本书啊？( as在定语从句中作宾语，先行词是book) 注意:先行词中有the same修饰时，定语从句也可用that引导，但意思上有区别，as表示与此同类； that表示就是那一个，同物。 例如:Have you brought the same book that I gave you yesterday? 或理解为 the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。　　 I have got into the same trouble as he (has).B 状语从句：表示“如此……以致……”的“so... that...”和“such... that...”均可引导结果状语从句， 其中的such 是形容词， 修饰其后的名词； so 是副词， 修饰其后面的形容词或副词， 具体的搭配形式是： 　(1)“so＋adj./adv.＋that”， “so＋adj.(＋a/an)＋n.＋that”； (2)“such(＋a/an)(＋adj.)＋n.＋that”。 例如： There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused. Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities. (so与表示数量的代词many， few， much， little等连用已经形成固定搭配，这些场合下不能换用such的对应结构表示) ，例如： The shop sells such expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. He’s such a good person that we mustn’t blame him. They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach. ［考题1］ Pop music is such an important part of society ____ it has even influence our language. (2007上海) 　A. as B. that C. which D. where ［答案］ B 　　［解析］ 下划线处之后不缺少任何成分表示结果， 应选用与前面的such连用引导结果状语从句的that。 ［考题2］ The teacher gave us such a difficult exercise nobody could work out. 　A. so B. and C. that D. as ［答案］ D 　　［解析］ work out 是一个及物动词短语，故句中缺宾语。由此断定该句是先行词前有such修饰的定语从句，故用as. 二、定语从句与强调句 强调句是在不改变原有句型的情况下把要强调的内容放于它的基本结构“It is/was …… that”中，如果强调的内容为人，that 可据情况用who /whom替换。 在强调句中，that不能省略。如： 1）It is Tom that/ who is