[工学]Chapter8-u-is.ppt

Mobile phase: hepane sulfonic sodium - water solution: acetonitrile Phenomenex. Luna C8 (4.6mm i.d.×250mm, 5μm) ; 流速1.0 mL/min; 进样量: 20μL; 柱温: 30℃; 检测波长: 240nm Introduction to UV-Vis spectroscopy Measurement of UV-Vis spectroscopy -----Lambert-Beer Law Instrumentation of UV-Vis spectroscopy Application of UV-Vis spectroscopy UV-Vis is molecular absorption spectroscopy P326 What are the nature of these absorptions? as UV or visible light irradiate molecules, electrons in the lowest molecular orbital may be excited and transferred to an orbital of higher energy. Ee energies for electronic transition of atoms in the molecule Ev energies for vibration between two atoms Er energies for molecular rotation 讨论： §2. Basic knowledge of UV 2.1 Electronic transitions P319 p, s, and n (non-bonding) electrons Sigma and Pi orbitals (1) s-s* UV photon required, high energy Methane at 125 nm Ethane at 135 nm (2) n- s* (3) p-p* higher e (1000 to 10000) unsaturated group（—C＝C—，—C＝O） λ? 200nm 2.2 some basic glossary常用术语 (1) Chromophore 发色团 π→π＊和n→π＊ double-bond or triple bond: P324 vinyl C=C carbonyl C=O nitroso azo group —N＝N— ethynyl C≡C nitrile group —C ≡ N （2）auxochromes 助色团 The p—π conjugation makes the adsorption peak of chromophore move to the long wavelength and increase the strength. Such atoms or groups are called as auxochormes. （3）red shift and blue shift If the adsorption peak moves to the longer wavelength by the introduce of lone-pair electrons, it is called as red shift （长移或红移), otherwise, blue shift（短移或蓝移)。 If the adsorption strength is increased, it is called as hyperchromic effect (浓色效应或增色效应), otherwise, hypochromic effect (淡色效应) P345 (4) Classification of adsorption bands i) R-band by n→π* transition ii) K-band （from German：konjuie