[理学][国家级精品课程]物理化学双语课件7-LJ-GCell-Eng-1.pptVIP

中南大学 * 7-1.可逆原电池及其热力学 Thermodynamics of Galvanic Cell Chapter 7 Reversible Primary Cell the system With effective work W`≠0 Outline Reversible Primary Cell （可逆原电池） Primary Cell Potential (原电池电动势） Thermodynamics of Reversible Galvanic Cell （可逆原电池热力学规律） 7.1-1、Reversible Primary Cell ： Battery (电池） Primary Cell （原电池） Primary Cell :(Galvanic Cell ; Voltaic Cell) W`? 0 W`= 0 体系特点： Primary Cell （原电池） Redox Reactions: Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ? Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) Oxidation Half–Reaction: Zn(s) — 2e–? Zn2+(aq) The Zn loses two electrons :Zn2+ Reduction Half–Reaction: Cu2+(aq) + 2e– ? Cu(s) The Cu2+ gains two electrons :Cu Redox Reactions: Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ? Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) Oxidation Half–Reaction: Zn(s) — 2e–. ? Zn2+(aq) Reduction Half–Reaction: Cu2+(aq) + 2e– ? Cu(s) Primary Cell （原电池） Cathod (+) 正极 Anode (-) 负极 An Electrochemical apparatus: chemical energy ? electric energy: (1) The reaction is oxidation-reduction process (2) An appropriate apparatus Anode+Cathode+electrolyte+ accessory 7.1-1 Primary Cell （原电池） Spontaneous Oxidation-Reduction Reactions ! Spontaneous reaction: design a primary cell Fe(s) + Sn2+(aq) ? Fe2+(aq) + Sn(s) Non-spontaneous process: can not form a primary cell Fe2+(aq) + 2Ag(s) ? Fe(s) + 2Ag+(aq) 7.1-1 Primary Cell （原电池） When heated: NaBrO3 = NaBr + 3/2 O2? When ground: 2NaBrO3 = Na2O +Br2+ 5/2 O2? Decomposition of NaBrO3 Reaction in different apparatus 7.1-2 Reversible Primary Cell （可逆原电池） Reversible primary cell: Conversion of chemical energy to electric energy in a thermodynamic reversible manner. 1. Reversible reaction: The electrode reaction reverts when shift from charge to discharge. dG = -SdT + VdP + ?W’ 2. Reversible process: I ? 0 Meaning of thermodynamic reversibility (Irreversible: -dG - SdT + VdP + ?W’sys to sur.) Zn(阴)极反应为: Zn2+(m1) + 2e- → Zn Cu(阳)极反应为: Cu → Cu2+(m2) + 2e- 电池反应为: Cu + Zn2+(m1) → Zn + Cu2+(m2) charge Zn - +