[育儿理论经验]金博士上海会议.pptVIP

 猪采食量调控机制Mechanisms of feed intake regulation in swine 影响猪采食量的因素Factors that influence feed intake in swine 环境影响猪的采食量 营养影响猪的采食量 Villalba Provenza (1997) 健康影响猪的采食量 亚疾病/疾病状态下的采食量 Feed intake in disease models 用NPY灌流对内毒素处理过的羊的采食量的影响 Effect of NPY Infusion on Food Intake in Endotoxin-Treated Sheep AGRP对LPS导致的恶病质的影响Effect of AGRP on LPS induced cachexia  AGRP的背景AGRP-background AGRP是一种黑素皮质激素-4受体（MC4R）的拮抗剂。AGRP能阻止食欲下降. AGRP is a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) antagonist. AGRP prevents the inhibition of appetite. AGRP和NPY定植在下丘脑弓形核 AGRP is colocalized with NPY in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. 在大鼠和小鼠体内，AGRP通过抑制MC4R的分泌提高采食量 AGRP increases feed intake in rats and mice via the MC4R. AGRP神经细胞投射到直接调节采食的下丘脑部位 AGRP neurons project to the areas of the hypothalamus that directly regulate feed intake. 促进食欲的激素Orexigenic 神经肽Y(NPY) Neuropeptide Y 艾高提相关肽(AGRP) Agouti related peptide 黑素浓缩素(MCH) Melanin concentrating hormone 食欲肽(Orexin) Orexin 降低食欲的激素Anorexigenic a-促黑激素(a- MSH) a-Melanocyte stimulating hormone 可卡因-苯(异)丙胺相关转录物 Cocaine amphetamine related transcript 黑素皮质激素-4受体（MC4R） Melanocortin 4 Receptor 感观/感觉影响猪的采食量 感观/感觉影响猪的采食量The pig’s senses that influence feed intake 适口性：以感官定义Palatability. Definition based on sensory cues 饲料质感影响适口性The sense of touch. Texture’s role on feed intake 颗粒饲料硬度对仔猪采食量的影响The sense of touch. Hardness do reduce feed intake of piglets 颗粒饲料硬度对仔猪采食量的影响Effect of pellet hardness on feed intake 饲料直径对仔猪采食量及生产性能的影响Pellet diameter, feed intake and performance 触觉对采食量的影响The sense of touch. Making good pelleted feed for piglets 直径Diameter: 3 mm 颗粒大小Particle size: 800 μm 硬度Hardness: 6 Kahl units 加工温度Process temperature: 70oC 味觉影响采食量The sense of taste affects feed intake 味道感觉Taste Perception 猪比人类的味觉更敏感吗?The sense of taste. Do pigs taste better than us men? 小猪对甜的神经反应 不同甜源的甜感特点 采食调控－术语及定义 先天性偏好: 出生就有的 获得性偏好: 后天学到的 新事物趋避性: 对新事物（饲料）的恐惧/抗拒 先天厌恶 获得性厌恶 获得性厌恶的饲料原料Acquired aversion to feed ingredients 动物蛋白原料：鱼粉等 Some animal protein sources: fish meal