[医学]9基因工程抗体和抗体工程.pptVIP

第五节 抗体工程 抗体研究进展3个阶段： 　①1890年白喉抗毒素，多克隆抗体； 　②1975年杂交瘤技术单克隆抗体； 　③1994年基因工程抗体； C genes code for the constant regions of immunoglobulin protein chains.V gene is sequence coding for the major part of the variable (N-terminal) region of an immunoglobulin chain. Figure 24.4 Heavy and light chains combine to generate an immunoglobulin with several discrete domains. Figure 24.4 Heavy and light chains combine to generate an immunoglobulin with several discrete domains. Table 24.1 Each immunoglobulin family consists of a cluster of V genes linked to its C gene(s). Figure 24.5 The lambda C gene segment is preceded by a J segment, so that V-J recombination generates a functional lambda light-chain gene. Figure 24.6 The kappa C gene segment is preceded by multiple J segments in the germ line. V-J joining may recognize any one of the J segments, which is then spliced to the C gene segment during RNA processing. Figure 24.7 Heavy genes are assembled by sequential joining reactions. First a D segment is joined to a J segment; then a V gene segment is joined to the D segment. Figure 24.8 The lambda family consists of V gene segments linked to a small number of J-C gene segments. Figure 24.9 The human and mouse kappa families consist of V gene segments linked to 5 J segments connected to a single C gene segment. Figure 24.10 A single gene cluster in man contains all the information for heavy-chain gene assembly. Figure 24.12 Consensus sequences are present in inverted orientation at each pair of recombining sites. One member of each pair has a spacing of 12 bp between its components; the other has 23 bp spacing. Figure 24.13 Breakage and reunion at consensus sequences generates immunoglobulin genes. Figure 15.8 Reciprocal recombination between direct repeats excises the material between them; each product of recombination has one copy of the direct repeat. Figure 15.9 Reciprocal recombination between inverted repeats inverts the region between them. 一、噬菌体抗体库技术的基本方法 ⒈获取目的基因 ⒉抗体库技术的