HND地理影响 L3.ppt

International Business Environment: Geographical Influences SHI Zhe Topography Definition: a: the art or science of making maps that show the height, shape, etc., of the land in a particular area b: the features (such as mountains and rivers) in an area of land， ie，the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area Definition of landform Landforms are natural features of the landscape, natural physical features of the earths surface, for example, valleys, plateaus, mountains, plains, hills, loess, or glaciers. 5 basic land types Land surface plain highland/plateau mountain hill basin Other types of landforms arid landforms glacial landforms coastal landforms Plain Definition: a large area of flat land without trees, altitude below 200 meters A?plain?is a?broad?area of?relatively?flat land. Plains are one of the major landforms, or types of land, on Earth. They cover more than one-third of the world’s land area. Plains exist on every?continent. (National Geographic) Eg. Grassland， flood plains Plain Major plains: Amazon Plain in Brazil http://v.pps.tv/play_3EWRX1.html video /u11/v_MTMzODEyMTg.html http://v.pps.tv/play_3EWRX1.html The Amazon Plain World’s largest plain Other plains Mississippi Alluvial Plain /plain.html Other plains Ganges/Indian River Plain plateau A plateau is a large highland area of fairly level land separated from surrounding land by steep slopes. Altitude above 500 meters plateau Some plateaus, like the plateau of Tibet, lie between mountain ranges. Others are higher than surrounding land. Plateaus are widespread, and together with enclosed basins they cover about 45 percent of the Earths land surface. Mainly: Asia, N.S. America, Africa and Australia Major plateaus Brazilian?Plateau Major plateaus Tibet Plateau Mountain Over long periods of time, mountains are created by tremendous forces in the earth with a steep top usually shaped up to a peak or ridge. Mountains occur more often in oceans than on land