供应链管理SCM：Global sourcing.docxVIP

供应链管理SCM全球采购Global sourcing全球化供应链至少要考虑以下因素：距离交货时间语言与文化差异货币差异与币值波动额外的运输模式The term Global Sourcing applies to buying components and inputs anywhere in the world. It means that the manufacturer, rather than relying solely [?????????]独自地, 单独地on its local suppliers, casts out a much wider net in search of 寻找sources. The Internet has facilitated global sourcing since vendors located nearly anywhere can have catalog-like product displays on the Web.Global sourcing development modelA global sourcing development model 全球采购发展模式would include the following components [???????????]部分: PlanningSpecificationEvaluationrelationship managementtransportation and holding costsimplementationmonitoring and improving.Questions that must be answeredQuestions that must be answered include the following:Does our firm have the expertise to manage global sourcing in-house, or should its managers consider the use of a trading company partner?How important is the certainty of materials supply? How stable, politically, are the countries from which we might be importing? How good is their infrastructure?How will we manage the lengthened and sometimes more variable lead times that global sourcing implies?Will there be problems in specifying what we want?What about fluctuating currencies? Can barter be used?What terms of sale should be used?How does this choice impact upon landed cost?Can our lengthened supply chain be designed and managed so that the bullwhip effect, caused by each party’s multiplying the dimensions of some alteration, is not a problem?Import quotasImport quotas are absolute numeric limits on the items imported from specific countries within a specific time frame进口限额是特定时期从特定国家进口货物的绝对数量限制。Some firms adopted the 60 Minutes sourcing rule 60条采购备忘录, that is, they avoided sourcing where the source might be featured on 60 Minutes for using child labor, indentured labor, or prison labor or for having squalid working condition.结束语