人乳头瘤病毒检测在宫颈疾病中的应用.ppt

注意事项： 1.使用专用取样器及保存液，可抑制细菌生长，保持DNA完整性。 2．样本收集中为保留足够的宫颈细胞标本，注意切勿将宫颈刷头丢弃。 3．宫颈保存系统包装打开后，必须立即进行采样，并连同刷头置于取样管中。 4．如果同时进行细胞学检查，应先采细胞学样品。 5．宫颈刷头折断、试验取样时，请小心操作，切忌大力震荡取样管，造成试剂及样本溅出影响检测结果或造成污染。 6. 取样管上标示的名称须与患者一一对应。 7. 取样后，切记拧紧取样管管盖。 * * * * * 它们只能解释70%左右的宫颈癌。其它HPV型别如HPV33、35、42、43、44、45、51、52、56、58、59和68已经被确认是剩余30%宫颈癌中的主要检出型别。本次研究采用的HC-II检测的HPV种类包含了目前已知的所有主要的致癌性HPV,灵敏度高,检出率也增加.（13种高危型HPV RNA混合探针包括16，18，31，33，35，39，45，51，52，56，58，59和68型） * Next, we examine the progression of HPV infection to cervical cancer. After exposure to HPV, events in the viral life cycle are initiated, with specific activity regulated by the factors responsible for the host’s immune response. HPV infection alone is not sufficient to induce an immediate carcinoma because malignant tumors develop only after HPV-induced lesions persist for several months or even years. There is a large reservoir of HPV infection in young women in their teens and twenties. Only a few of these women go on to develop persistent HPV infection. Progression depends on viral type, immunologic factors and possibly co-carcinogens. Persistent high-risk infections can lead to cellular deregulation. Over time, this cellular deregulation can cause high-grade cervical lesions and ultimately, cervical cancer. Oncogenic activity has been attributed to the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, which are crucial for malignant transformation of HPV associated cancers. In non-malignant cells, inter- and intra- cellular signals suppress these oncogenes at the transcriptional level thus limiting malignant progression. The E6 and E7 viral proteins interfere with cellular proteins that are involved in cell cycle control. They cause the human cell to experience disturbed physiologic function and genetic instability. Mutations in cellular genes devoted to the intracellular surveillance of HPV infections, integration of viral DNA, and deletions or mutations of viral transcription control sequences lead to a significantly increased expression