系动词助动词情态动词学案.doc

A 谓语动词的种类 (学案) page1 动词是用来表示动作或状态的，用来说明主语是什么或者做什么。 按着句法功能，谓语动词分为四类： 实义动词，系动词，助动词，情态动词。 按照是否跟宾语来分； 及物动词和不及物动词。 按照动作延续的长短来分； 短暂动词和延续动词。 按照是否表动作来分。 静态动词和动态动词。系动词(link. V.) 一系动词(link. V.)不能直接作谓语，它必须与形容词或名词一起构成合成谓语（系表结构）。 1) 表状态的动词 be feel look smell taste sound seen appear 1.be是（表示状态，性质等） All the dustbins are full, and there are bags of rubbish everywhere. But the family was poor and the boy could not get many books. 2 feel觉得，摸着是 It made her feel better But he still did not feel safe enough. When she feels unhappy, I feel the same 3 .look看来似乎是，面上现……的样子 He looked thin and very serious. 4. smell有……气味 It smells terrible. 5 sound听起来，似乎 His conclusion certainly sounded reasonable. 6 . taste有……味道 The mixture tasted horrible. 7 appear似乎，显得 He appears (to be) very angry today.（句中的to be可省略）seem似乎是，看似 These ideas may seem strange to you. 2)表保持状态的系动词 remain keep stay stand sit lie 9 .remain继续，依然?? 系动词 remain 的意思是“保持，继续，依然不变”，后常接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等。 Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health remain poor. ?10 stay 的考查 ????stay 意为“保持原状，维持”，后面可以接形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等。 The weather has stayed warm all week. 11 keep I like to keep busy. 12 stand, lie sit有时也可作系动词，后接形容词，说明句子主语处于某种状态。 She stood /stood / lay quite still. 3) 表状态转变的动词 become get go growturn become prove 13 become变为，成为 become 多用来表示变的结果，常接形容词或名词作表语。 The city will become rich. They became close friends His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. 14 fall变为，成为 系动词 fall 表示“（不知不觉地或突然地）进入……状态”，后常跟形容词、副词或介词短语等，如： fall ill （生病）， page2 She rubbed and rubbed until long after Wilma had fallen asleep. 15 get 变得，变成，成为 get 多用来表示变化过程，常接形容词作表语。 It’s getting late. He’ll get well soon. The days were getting colder, and winter was near. 16 go变，逐渐 go 多用来指质的变坏，常接形容词作表语。go bad, go mad,