英语高考专题复习二代词.docVIP

语法专题二 代词 -----------------------------------------知识清单------------------------------------------- （一）代词概述 代词用来代替名词，在句中充当主语、宾语和表语，有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。 例 词 功 能 人称代词 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 只做主语 宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 做及物动词或介词的宾语 物主代词 形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their 只做定语 名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 做主语、宾语、表语 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 做宾语、同位语、表语 指示代词 this, that, these, those 做主语、宾语、定语、表语 相互代词 each other, one another 做宾语 疑问代词 who, whom, what, which, whose, etc. 引出疑问句 关系代词 that, who, whom, whose, etc. 连接定语从句 不定代词 some, any, no, either, neither, all, none, each, somebody, no one, everybody, etc. 视情况而定，一般的可做定语、主语、宾语等 （二）基本知识梳理 1. 人称代词：主格作主语，宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。1 作主语，用主格。作宾语用宾格。 She teaches us English. He often helps me. 2 在句中作表语，常用宾格。Who is at the door? Its me. 但有时用主格。 If I were she, I would’t go there. It was I who told him about it. 3 出现并列主语或宾语时，其排列顺序为：单数时是第二、第三、第一人称（简称231）即you，he and I或you，her and me；复数时是第一、第二、第三人称（简称123）即we，you and they或us，you and them。 2. 物主代词：1．形容词性物主代词只作定语，后加名词；This is our classroom. His father is an engineer. 2．而名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词加名词her coat. Mine is over there. 说明：① 英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。如： Jack took off his coat and went to bed. 杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了。 ② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。如： Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. 我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。 3. 反身代词：用作宾语起强调作用。1.作宾语， 有些动词需有反身代词，如absent，bathe，amuse，blame，dry，cut，enjoy，hurt，introduce，behave等。We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心。Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点鱼。 用于及物动词+宾语+介词 take pride in，be annoyed with，help oneself to sth等I could not dress（myself）up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己注：有些动词后不跟反身代词，如：get up，sit down，stand up，wake up等Please sit down.请坐。 2.用作表语。I am not myself today.我今天不舒服。 3.用作同位语The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。 4.