环境犯罪学观点对于住宅窃盗犯罪环境因子及犯罪预防之探究.doc

专　论 环境犯罪学观点对于住宅窃盗犯罪环境因子及犯罪预防之探究 刘择昌※、邓煌发※※、张智雄※※※ 目 次 一、绪　言 （一）住宅窃盗犯罪预防议题深值探究 （二）从环境犯罪学观点出发以了解易造成住宅窃盗犯罪之人文及实质环境因子 二、材料与方法 三、结　果 （一）环境犯罪学相关理论、观点源起与解构 （二）相关实证研究文献结果分析 （三）易发生住宅窃盗犯罪之环境人文及实质环境弱点因子分析 四、讨　论 （一）环境犯罪学研究取样问题 （二）空间尺度差异问题 五、结　论 （一）易发生住宅窃盗犯罪之环境弱点因子造成易犯罪机会 （二）环境差异对于住宅窃盗犯罪之发生具有相当之影响 （三）研究建议 摘 要 本研究以文献探讨方式，针对环境犯罪学相关理论、观点以及国内外以住宅窃盗与地点、环境特性为主题之实证研究文献进行分析，从中归结出环境犯罪学理论与观点对于住宅窃盗犯罪预防之应用，以及易发生犯罪之人文及实质环境弱点因子。研究结果显示，环境犯罪学相关论点可妥适解释住宅窃盗犯罪发生之机会因素，并可提供实务单位作为有效预防住宅窃盗犯罪之参考；另区域之都市化与人口密度、土地利用、住户流动率、住户特性、住宅吸引性、居民互动、住宅周边环境、住宅类型、道路形式、住宅防卫性、住宅出入口管制、住宅视觉设计、夜间照明等人文及实质环境弱点因子对于住宅窃盗犯罪之发生具有相当之影响力。由于警方对于住宅窃盗犯罪预防工作责无旁贷，本文另由上述分析结果出发整合警方执法能量之角度进行讨论，并提出相关建议。 关键词：环境犯罪学、住宅窃盗、犯罪预防 Abstract This study tries to explore issues of edification of residential burglary prevention from Environmental Criminology perspective and peccable environment factors by documentary reviewing of related criminology theories and empirical researches. The result showed that Environmental Criminology perspective can not only properly explain opportunity factor of residential burglary but also effectively provide direction for crime prevention practice. Furthermore, there are several environmental weakness factors of humanity and inhabitancy which affect occurrence of residential burglary, such as “urbanization and population density”, “land use”, “flow rates of residents”, “characteristics of residents”, “attraction of residences”, ” interaction of residents”, “neighborhood environment of residences”, “category of residences”, “category of roads”, ” defensiveness of residences”, “entry and exit control of residences”, “visual design of residences”, and “night illumination”. Finally, as police are the main executive force of residential burglary prevention, we then combine above findings in the context of law enforcement by the police in the discussion, and offer related suggestions in the end of the study. Keywords: Environmental Criminology, Residential Burglary, Crime Prevention 一、绪　言 （一）住宅窃盗犯罪预防议题深值探究 根据台湾地区全般