【牛津译林版】高一英语必修二课件：Unit3 Amazing people-Grammar and usage.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time. The past perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event. The inventor of paper (1) had failed (2) had tried (3) had heard (4) had caught (5) had shown 高考链接 1. Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet bird, which he had left in Cairo. (P48) [考点] 过去完成时主要用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事或动作，通常与一般过去时连用。 [考例1] John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it _____ seriously. (2009 上海春) A. damaged B. was being damaged C. had damaged D. had been damaged [点拨] had to是关键信息词。“不得不修”发生在过去，“损坏”应该发生在“不得不修”之前，故要用过去完成时；而car和damage之间应是被动关系，故选D项。 [考例2] The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car. (广东2010) has been B. was being C. had been D. would be [点拨] 句意：突然，那位警察的目光被放在部长车子下面的一个小盒子吸引住了。句中was caught是关键信息词。which _____ placed under ... 是定语从句，其谓语所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所表示的动作was caught之前，所以要用过去完成时。 2. I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. (P48) [考点] 过去完成时可以表示在过去的两个动作或事件中，其中一个先于另一个发生。常用于过去完成时的表示时间的词语有when, after, before，as soon as, until, since, by, for和already等。 [考例1] They became friends again that day. Until then, they ______ to each other for nearly two years. (安徽2010) didn’t speak B. hadn’t spoken C. haven’t spoken D. haven’t been speaking [点拨] 句意：那天他们又成了朋友。在那之前，他们有近两年时间没说过话。句中became friends是关键信息词，“两年没说话”发生在“又成为朋友”之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，因此要用过去完成时。 [考例2] He _____ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. (北京2010) has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned [点拨] 句意：当他15岁那年上大学时已经学了5000多个英语单词。句中entered是关键信息词。既然“上大学”已经是过去的事情，而“学会5000单词”应是在他“上大学”之前的事，所以要用过去完成时。 Practice 1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests __ when he __ at the party. A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived