09-Using-Basic-Statistical-Procedures推荐.pdf

The Little SAS Book: A Primer, Fifth Edition Chapter 9: Using Basic Statistical Procedures 33⅓% of the mice used in the experiment were cured by the test drug; 33⅓% of the test population were unaffected by the drug and remained in a moribund condition; the third mouse got away. Erwin Neter From How to Write a Scientific Paper by Robert A. Day, ASM News, vol. 41, no. 7, pp 486-494, July 1975. Reprinted by permission of publisher and author. Also appears in How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper 4th edition by Robert A. Day, copyright 1994 by Oryx Press. 9.1 Examining the Distribution of Data with PROC UNIVARIATE When you are doing statistical analysis, you usually have a goal in mind, a question you are trying to answer, or a hypotheses you want to test. But before you jump into statistical tests, it is a good idea to pause and do a little exploration. A good procedure to use at this point is PROC UNIVARIATE. PROC UNIVARIATE, which is part of Base SAS software, produces statistics and graphs describing the distribution of a single variable. The statistics include the mean, median, mode, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. Using PROC UNIVARIATE is fairly simple. After the PROC statement, you specify one or more numeric variables in a VAR statement: PROC UNIVARIATE; VAR variable-list; Without a VAR statement, SAS will calculate statistics for all numeric variables in your data set. You can specify other options in the PROC statement, if you wish, such as NORMAL which produces tests of normality: PROC UNIVARIATE NORMAL; Example The following data consist of test scores from a statistics class. Each line contains scores for 10 students. 56 78 84 73 90 44 76 87 92 75 85 67 90 84 74 64 73 78 69 56 87 73 100 54 81 78 69 64 73 65 This program reads the data from a file called Scores.dat and then runs PROC UNIVARIATE: DATA class;