主语情况(主谓一致).doc

? 主语情况 谓语 例句 语法一致原则 1．单数名词、非谓语动词、短语或从句作主语。 单数 A sheep eats? grass.To work hard? is necessary.What he said? was wrong. 2.用and 或both…and 连接的并列主语。 复数 He and I were classmates at that time.Both bread and butter are sold out . 3．用and 连接的并列主语如指的同是一个人，同一事物（and 后的名词没有冠词）或主语前分别有each, everybody, nobody等作主语时。 单数 The girls teacher and friend is? young .Bread and butter(=the bread with butter on it) is daily food in the west .Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education . 4.不定代词either, neither, each, noone, the other, another, anyone, someone, something, everybody, everything, nobody等作主语时。 单数 Each of the girls has? an apple .Somebody is? waiting for you at the gate .Everything around us is? matter. 5.主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but, except, besides, as well as, with, like, 等连接的其它名词。 单数 She as well as her friends? likes this film .My sister, like you and Tom, is very clever . 6．由a lot of / lots of / plenty of + 名词或分数/百分数+名词作主语时，视名词的数而定。 单数复数 Three- fifths of? the water is? dirty .30 percent of? them are? against the plan . 意义一致原则 1．表示总称意义的名词，people, police等作主语时。 复数 People are talking about the news . The police haven’t arrived. 2．有些集体名词family, class, group, team等作主语时，若作一整体看，谓语用单数，若视为每一个成员，谓语用复数。 视具体情况而定 His family has moved to Shanghai .His family are all fond of music .Their class is very big .The class are waiting for a new teacher . 3．Who , what , which , all , more , most , some , any , half , none , the rest等作主语 视情况而定 Who is a doctor ?Who are league members?Most of them are young men.Most of the water is dirty . 4．表示时间、距离、重量、数字、钱等的复数名词作整体看待时。 单数 Thirty years is not a long time.Five dollars is quite enough . 5．以ics 结尾的科学名词如politics. maths及news属形复意单名词，及书报名，国名等复数名词作主语。 单数 Physics seems to be difficult to me .The United States is a developed country. 就近一致辞原则 1．用or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语。 与靠近的主语一致 Either? you? or I am? wrong .Not only? we? but also the teachers are? wrong . 2．由there或here引起的句子，主语又不止一个，其谓语动词通常和邻