高考必考语精讲精练专题十四：特殊句式含解析.docVIP

高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十四：特殊句式 Ⅰ.强调句 一．强调句的基本形式 1、强调句的陈述句形式： It is/ was +被强调部分+ that/ who+其它部分。 注意：被强调部分通常是主语、宾语或状语；强调主语且指人的时候可以用who，其他一律用that。例如： Hemetan old friendin the parkyesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 地点状语 时间状语 对句中各部分进行强调： （1）强调主语 ： It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday. （2）强调宾语 ： It was an old friend that he met in the park yesterday. （3）强调地点状语 ： It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday. （4）强调时间状语 ： It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park. 2、强调句的一般疑问句形式： Is / was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ ①Was it he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday? ②Was it an old friend that he met in the park yesterday? ③Was it in the park that he met an old friend yesterday? ④Was it yesterday that he met an old friend in the park? 3、强调句的特殊疑问句形式： 特殊疑问词+ is/ was + it + that + 其它部分？ ①What is it that you want me to do? ②Who was it that broke the window? ③Where was it that you put your English book? ④When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? ⑤Why is it that he doesnt like the book? ⑥How was it that he got hurt? 注意： （1）强调主语时，谓语动词和主语在人称和数上要保持一致。 ①It is he who/that often does good deeds. ②It is I who/that am looking for you. （2）构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词只用that或who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that或who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是与过去相关的时态，如一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时等，用It was … ，与现在或将来相关的时态用It is … 。 （3）若强调句的疑问句形式放在宾语从句的位置，则需要用陈述句的形式。例如： ①Do you know who it is that will teach us English？ ②I really dont know when it was that he went to bed. 二．not … until … 句型的强调句 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 注意：此句型只用until，不用till；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 三．谓语动词的强调 1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如需要强调谓语，用助动词do/ does或did。例如： ①Do be careful when you cross the street. ②She does love you. ③He did write to you last week. 2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，第三人称单数用does，过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 强调句的验证方法：先看句子里有没有It