College_English_Grammar_9_Phrases_Infinitive_Phrases一教材教学课件.pptVIP

College English Grammar: Grammar and Writing;Unit 9;Infinitive Phrases;1. Infinitive forms: Infinitive forms Simple: to do Progressive: to be doing Passive: to be done Perfect: to have done Passive + progressive: to be being done Passive + perfect: to have been done  Progressive forms = an action is taking place now. Passive forms = the subject of the sentence is being acted upon. Perfect infinitive forms = completion in both the past and the future. ;1. My friend happened to be in the next room. She was singing there. ? My friend happened to be singing in the next room. 2. His bicycle was found. He never expected so. ? He never expected the bicycle to be found. 3. Sailors have seen monsters. The monsters lived in the sea. Sailors sometimes claim so. ? Sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.;2. Functions 2.1. As adjectives An infinitive phrase acts as an adjective that describes, limits, or modifies a noun or pronoun. An adjective infinitive phrase usually comes after the noun or pronoun it modified. Arthur was looking for a way. By the way he can earn money. ? Arthur was looking for a way to earn money. The priest has never gotten enough money. With the money he can make people repaired the church clock. ? The priest has never gotten enough money to have the church clock repaired.;2.2. As adverbs An infinitive phrase acts as an adverb that modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb.  It was half an hour later. He went outside. He was astonished. He found the little black lamb was almost white. ? When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the little black lamb was almost white. I dropped my suit. I dashed downstairs. I wanted to tell George. ? Dropping my suit, I dashed downstai