第三课电磁场与电磁波英文版教材教学课件.ppt

where and The normal component of the D field must be equal to the surface charge density on the surface of the conductor. +d -d Thus, the total charge induced on the surface is Basic principle (1) Image charges replace the total charge induced. (2) Maintain the field equation and original boundary conditions. (3) Use the real and image charges to determine the field. Note： (1) Image charges are located outside the field region. (remain field equation) (2) Determine the number, magnitude and position of the image charges. The number of image charges is Example 3.4.2 A point charge q is located at a distance d from the center of a grounded conducting sphere of radius a, as shown in Figure 3.4.2. Compute the surface charge density on the surface of the conducting sphere. Solution (method of images) The boundary condition is Place an imaginary charge at (0, 0, d’) within the sphere. Now we temporarily ignore the existence of the conducting sphere. The potential outside the sphere is From the boundary conditions , we obtain Squaring both sides This is an identity with respect to . Thus, Solving these equations, we get and Choose and . Thus, the potential outside the sphere is Since the normal component of the D field must be equal to the surface charge density on the surface of the conductor, we have Thus, the total charge induced on the surface is 图 球外的电场分布 （1） A point charge q is placed at a distance d from the center of a conducting sphere of radius a. 图 不接地金属球的镜像 （2） A conducting sphere of radius a has a charge of Q. A point charge q is placed at a distance d from the center of the sphere. q d a Consider 图 点电荷位于不接地导体 球附近的场图 Example 3.4.5 The plane is the interface between two different