单片机在铁路道口自动报警中的设计参考.doc

编号： 毕业设计(论文)说明书 题 目： 单片机在铁路道口 自动报警中的设计 摘 要 21世纪，随着我国经济建设飞速发展，交通运输业日益繁荣，铁路运输事业发展更是迅速，对列车运行速度的要求不断提高。制约铁路发展的因素有很多，其中之一就是安全运输问题。铁路安全运输问题的重点和薄弱环节在于平交道口。因此，如何提高铁路平交道口的安全性成为了一个极具重要性的课题。 针对我国铁路平交道口的复杂现状，本课题运用单片机技术设计了平交道口来车自动报警系统，利用凸出极磁电式轨道传感器采集车轮信息，以高可靠性、低价位、高普及度及利于基层技术人员掌握学习的89S52单片机作为控制芯片，及时准确地将来车信息通知平交道口值班人员和过往行人，为列车安全运行提供了可靠保障，大大减少了事故发生的隐患。 在系统硬件设计过程中，针对系统工作的恶劣环境，本课题重点突出了系统运行的可靠性、设备的坚固程度以及对雷电等自然灾害的防护能力；在软件设计上采用了强有力的抗干扰措施。本系统的研究与设计能将来车信息及时准确地通知平交道口值班人员和过往行人，尤其在雨、雾、沙等能见度较低的天气情况下，具有重大意义。因此，该系统的设计具有十分重要的社会意义及推广价值。 关键词：报警系统；单片机；突出极磁电式传感器； Abstract In the 21st century, with the rapid development economic in China ,transportation industry grows more and more prosperous，especially in railway. The requirement of the speed of train is getting higher and higher. There are many factors of restricting the development of railway，one of them is traffic safety. The problem and weakness of railway transportation safety are grade crossings. Therefore, how to increase the safety of railway grade crossing has become a significant project. For the complex situation of railway grade crossing in our country, this project uses the single chip microcomputer technology to design automatic alarm system to the train, and uses convex magnetic-electric rail sensor to collect the information on wheel. The use of the control chip , 89S52 SCM, which has high reliability, low price, high popularity and benefits to primary level technicians to learn. So it can inform the car information to the officers of grade crossing and passers-by timely and accurately, and offer reliable guarantee to the train safety which will greatly reduce the hidden trouble of the traffic accident. During the designing of hardware system, this project focus on the reliability of system operating, the rugged level of equipment，and the protection ability of natural disasters such as thunder to face the severe situation of system work. And it brings strong anti-interference to the software design