第14章 技术与运作管理.ppt

Many experts believe that organizations unable to produce high-quality products won’t be able to compete successfully in the global marketplace. ISO 9000 is a series of international quality management standards established by the International Organization for Standardization (), which sets uniform guidelines for processes to ensure that products conform to customer requirements. Very simply, Six Sigma is a quality standard that establishes a goal of no more than 3.4 defects per million units or procedures. What does the name mean? Sigma is the Greek letter that statisticians use to define a standard deviation from a bell curve * The value chain is the entire series of organizational work activities that add value at each step from raw materials to finished product. In its entirety, the value chain can encompass the supplier’s suppliers to the customer’s customer. Value chain management is the process of managing the sequence of activities and information along the entire value chain. In contrast to supply chain management, which is internally oriented and focuses on efficient flow of incoming materials (resources) to the organization, value chain management is externally oriented and focuses on both incoming materials and outgoing products and services * Value is defined as the performance characteristics, features and attributes, and any other aspects of goods and services for which customers are willing to give up resources (usually money). * Understanding how and why value is determined by the marketplace has led some organizations to experiment with a new business model— that is, a strategic design for how a company intends to profit from its broad array of strategies, processes, and activities. * Many experts believe that organizations unable to produce high-quality products won’t be able to compete successfully in the global marketplace. ISO 9000 is a series of international quality management standards established by the International Organization for