[六年级英语]介词培训讲义.ppt

介 词 介词是一种虚词，它不能单独担任句子成分，必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其它词类、短语或从句构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分。介词的数量并不多，但因每个介词都具有多种意思，如 in , 即可表示时间，又可表示地点，同时同样的名词和不同的名词组成不同的意思，例如：look at、look after、look for等，所以介词对于学生来将，还是比较难的，同时介词在英语中的使用频率也是很高的，仅次于冠词，所以学好非常重要。 介词的种类和介词的用法 介词的种类： 简单介词：只是单个介词，如: in ,on, at …… 介词短语：如：out of, in front of ,because of, look after… 介词与介词短语的用法 一、介词可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。例如： The boy with big eyes is my best friend. The football is under the desk. （一）作状语（修饰动词、形容词、副词及全局） 1. Our class begins at half past seven. 2. My home is far from school. （二）作表语 1. He is out of the room. 2. It was because of the hot weather. （三）作宾语补足语 1. Help yourself at home. 2. The doctor made the baby in the chair. （四）作定语（介词短语作定语时，一律后置） 1. The girl in a red dress is my sister. 2. The cat under the tree is his. 表示时间的介词 表示年、月、时刻等用 at, in, on 表示时间的前后用before, after 表示期限等用by, until, till 表示期间等用for, during, through 表示时间的起点等用from, since 表示时间的经过等用in, within at: 用于表示时刻、时间的某一点 at noon at night at six o’ clock. We often have breakfast at 8:00 o’clock. On: 用于某天、某一天的上午、下午（指具体的某一天，一律用on） on Monday morning on December fifth on October 1st on a rainy day afternoon We didn’t take part in the meeting on Friday afternoon. He was ill on a snowy day morning. In: 用于表示周、月、季节、年，泛指的上午或下午、晚上。 in this week in May in Spring in 2008 in August 2001 in the morning/afternoon/evening We like to go swimming in summer. They like to do skating in winter 注意：泛指一般的上午或下午时用in,但特指某日的上午时用on.例如： in the morning on Saturday afternoon 在this, last, next, every等词前面不能再加介词。 this evening next month every morning last week 4.before, after (1)before: 在……之前 Wash you hands before your supper Turn out the light before you leave the room (2) after: 在…….之后 The boys often play basketball after school The little likes playing the piano after finishing homework Please turn off the computer after using it. 5. by, until (till) by: 在……前（时间）；截止（到）…… How many English books had you read b