[英语学习]词汇学综合练习1.ppt

词汇学综合练习1 1. Decide whether the statements are true or false. 1. A word is the smallest form of a language. 2. There is no intrinsic relationship between sound and meaning as the connection between them is arbitrary and conventional. 3. English is more closely related to German than French. 5. Old English was a highly inflected language. 6. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word formation. 7. The meaning of a compound is usually the combination of the components. 8. Such words as the poorer, the departed, a Republican are all examples of partial conversion. 9. As a rule, the stress of compounds falls on the first element. 10. The conversion between nouns and verbs may involve a change of stress. 2. Analyze the following lexical groups and state through what languages they came into English 1. cake, knife, crop, egg, ill, husband 2. honour, court, chivalry, heritage, literature 3. carouse, plunder, zinc, dock, quarts, cobalt 4. genius, stratum, inertia, memorandum, formula 5. pedestal, cornice, cupola, sonata, fresco 6. plaza, mulatto, embargo, armada, galleon 7. sultan, roc, yashmak, ghoul, harem, sheikh 8. sampan, liche, ketchup, kaolin, typhoon 9. czar, troika, commissar, intelligentsia 10. geometry, gymnastics, tragedy, prologue philology, myth 3. Look up these words in a dictionary to determine the language from which each has been borrowed and then translate them into Chinese. yacht taboo (Polynesian) cotton chocolate coolie czar kimono chili wonton tatami Muslin kangaroo voodoo wok sauerkraut 4. Write the terms in the blanks according to the definition: A minimal meaningful unit of a language() One of the variants that realize a morpheme () A morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme () A morpheme that can stand alone () A morpheme attached to a stem or root () An affix that indicates grammatical relationships