必修二Module3Grammar.ppt

* Grammar Grammar I. 时间状语从句 II. 过去完成时 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, ever since, whenever, as soon as, no sooner… than, hardly / scarcely… when（一…就） 等 1). 常见的连接时间状语从句的连接词有: When 还有意义为‘这时’，(at this time)‘那时’(at that time) 常用于下列句型： Somebody was doing something when…… 某人正在做 ……突然 …… When Somebody was about to do something when……. 某人正要做 ……突然 …… Somebody had just done something when…… 某人刚刚干了……这时…… 1. I was reading English when my teacher came in. 2. I was about to talk in the classroom when the teacher came in. 3. I had just made the mistake when the teacher came in . 分析：while引导的从句表示“在……过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句和从句的动作在同一时期发生。从句的动作表示较长时间，因此常用延续性动词。 While 观察： While they were doing homework, someone broke into the house. While he was still a teenager, he was a big star. She is tall while I am short. While 表示强烈的对比关系，可译成“然而” While I was studying English, he was playing football. 强调两个动作同时进行 两种情况一起发展变化 as 试观察： 1) As they were picking tea, the girls were singing happily. 2) As he grew older, he found it difficult to compose good music. 分析：as引导的从句表示“当……时；一边……一边……”，主句和从句的动作同时发生，强调伴随。有时可译为“随着”。 2). 时间状语从句可以转换成分词短语。如: ＊ Boys need to develop their bodies fully before they attempt such difficult exercise. Boys need to develop their bodies fully before attempting such difficult exercise. ＊After he worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London. Note: 时间状语从句转换成分词短语时, 时 间状语从句的主语和主句主语必须 一致才可以。 Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London. 过去完成时 过去完成时的构成: “助动词had+过去分词” The public wondered why the president hadn’t attended the top conference. 2. 过去完成时的用法: 1). 过去完成时主要用来表明在某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作, 它表示时间是“过去的过去”。如: The patient had died when the doctor arrived. Up until then they had just finished half the work. He had pressed the button before we could stop him. When I had finished my everyday work, I did some gardening. 2). 如果发生的动作很短暂, 或两个动作紧接着发生, 则常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。尤其是在含有before, after, as soon as的复合句中, 因为它们本身的词义就可以表示出先后