early evidence for travel with infectious diseases along the silk road intestinal parasites from 2000 year-old personal hygiene sticks in a latrine at xuanquanzhi relay station in china：（早期的证据与传染病沿丝绸之路旅行肠道寄生虫从2000岁的个人卫生棒在厕所xuanquanzhi中继站在中国）.pdfVIP

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 9 (2016) 758 –764 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports j ournal homepage: www.el sevier.c om/l ocate/ jasrep Early evidence for travel with infectious diseases along the Silk Road: Intestinal parasites from 2000 year-old personal hygiene sticks in a latrine at Xuanquanzhi Relay Station in China Hui-Yuan Yeh a, Ruilin Mao b, Hui Wang b, Wuyun Qi c, Piers D. Mitchell a,⁎ a Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, The Henry Wellcome Building, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge CB2 1QH, UK b Gansu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Lanzhou, China c Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The Silk Road has often been blamed for the spread of infectious diseases in the past between East Asia, the Received 8 March 2016 Middle East and Europe. While such a hypothesis seems plausible, there is actually very little concrete evidence Received in revised form 5 May 2016 to prove that diseases were transmitted by early travellers moving along its various branches. The aim of this Accepted 5 May 2016 study is to look for ancient parasite eggs on personal hygiene sticks in a latrine at a large relay station on the Available online 22 July 2016 Silk Road at Xuanquanzhi (111 BCE–CE 109), at the eastern margin of the Tarim Basin in north-western China.