宾语从句58129888.doc

宾语从句 1.The teacher asked the students ________. 　A. if they were interested in dinosaurs????? B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers??? D. how many trees they have planted 宾语从句的种类 根据引导的不同，宾语从句可分为三类。由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. (2)由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting fo? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late.(3)由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序 Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? （how can I get to zoo?) Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. ( when will we have the meeting?) 　Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come。 ) 　I dont know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I dont know whether or not he does any washing. ) 注意： 当从句的原句为whats the matter, whats wrong,whats happening,以及who,what作主语时，从句的语序不变。例如： I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?I want to know whose jacket is over there.I want to know what makes you so excited.I want to know who is our monitor.I want to know what is wrong.I want to know what is the matter/trouble 5、宾语从句的时态1）如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句。如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He said that he would go back to the U.S. Soon.  Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转） 宾语从句否定前移 当主句主语为第一