Civil Engineering Surveying - HBP土木工程测量——HBP.ppt

Sewer Projects Design process Sewer line design Preliminary profiles drawn Basement elevations plotted Manholes placed on profiles Slope between manholes computed Problem areas – alternate service routes selected Manholes set in field Profiles run Revert to 3A * Sewer Projects Treatment plant design Topo map prepared Type system verified Treatment system sized based on existing and projected population System designed Plans drafted Sewer plans normally prepared on plan/profile sheets * Sewer Projects Treatment plant drawn using plan sheets and cross sections Quantities computed Specifications Written instructions on how every item to be built Include contract documents and bid proposal Bidding procedure Notice of bid advertised on local paper Pre-bid meeting * Sewer Projects Bidding Each contractor submits sealed bid Bids opened and tabulated Engineer reviews proposals Engineer recommends which bid to accept Contract awarded * Sewer Projects Construction Surveying Contractor required to hire surveyor for stakeout Manholes referenced Staking methods Batterboard method Laser method Measurement of quantities As Built * Water distribution systems Put under contract – water district formed Preliminary studies General layout prepared Water district signs up users Water source located Waterlines placed on general layout Hydraulic gradient plotted from USGS topo * Water distribution systems Pump station and water storage sites Property acquired by perpetual easement or purchased Boundary survey performed for each site Topo each site Field work Plan preparation Normally photogrammetrically Flight plan sent on general layout Take photos and post measure horizontal control Plan sheets marked on photos using template * Water distribution systems Waterlines placed on plan sheets Crossings and easements Every location where waterline crosses paved road, railroad – has to be topo, cross sectioned, and tied to nearest stationing or milepost Crossings plotted and permits appl