安徽专升本常考语法之虚拟语气.doc

模块二：虚拟语气 虚拟语气的三大范围： （1）、表达的假设与事实相反； （2）、表达的是异想天开、几乎无法实现的愿望； （3）、表示的是建议、命令、要求、请求等语气。 考点一：If条件语句中的虚拟语气 相反的时间 IF从句 结果主句 与现在时刻相反 Did（were） Would、should、could、might + do 与过去时刻相反 Had done Would、should、could、might + have done 与将来时刻相反 Were + to do Should + do did (were) Would、should、could、might + do 注意：1、要先判断一个句子是真实条件句还是虚拟语气，不要看到if就认为是虚拟语气。 2、在虚拟语气中不用was，用were 3、有的时候一个句子中将 were、had、should等置于句首而省略IF，这时主谓要部分倒装。 Eg. Were you in my position, what would you do?(与现在事实相反) 原句：if you were in my position, what would you do? Had he taken your advice, he would have passed the exam.(与过去事实相反) 原句：If he had taken your advice, he would have passed the exam. Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be postponed.(与将来事实相反) 原句：If it should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be postponed. 考点二：在表示“建议、命令、要求、请求等语气的词语后的that 从句中用 should +do should 可以省略 常考的词有：suggest order demand insist propose request require necessary Eg. She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. The workers demanded that theirs wages be raised by 10 percent. 注：有的词由于有多重意义，我们通常称之为词妖： 尤其要注意的有：（1）、suggest： 1、建议，that 从句后用虚拟语气； 2、暗示 that 从句后不用虚拟语气。 （2）、propose： 1、建议，that 从句后用虚拟语气； 2、求婚 that 从句后不用虚拟语气。 （3）、insist 1、坚持要求that 从句后用虚拟语气； 2、坚持认为（词组 insist on）that 从句后不用虚拟语气。 （4）、ask 1、ask sb to do sth 2、ask sb sth 3、ask that +（should）+do Eg. His attitude suggests that he isnt really interested.（这里suggest表示“暗示”的意思） 考点三： 三大“以防”：lest for fear that in case 在这三个词所引导的从句中 主句用 should + do 注意should 不可以省略。 Eg. While crossing the mountain area, all