受横向分布载荷直梁弯曲应力分析的分离变量解法-工程力学.PDFVIP

第 26 卷第 6 期 Vol.26 No.6 工 程 力 学 2009 年 6 月 June 2009 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 42 文章编号：1000-4750(2009)06-0042-04 受横向分布载荷直梁弯曲应力分析的分离变量解法 *胡伟平，张 行，孟庆春 (北京航空航天大学固体力学研究所 508 教研室，北京 100191) 摘 要：考虑端部约束效应，并利用分离变量法，对受横向分布载荷作用的直梁弯曲应力问题进行分析，得到了 直梁横截面上正应力和切应力沿梁高度方向以及沿梁轴线方向的分布规律，并将推导结果与经典结果进行比较。 结果表明：在靠近约束端附近横截面上的切应力分布与用材料力学公式的计算结果相差较大，但应力最大值比较 接近，正应力分布规律与用材料力学公式的计算结果相差较小，但应力最大值的差别不可忽略。稍微远离约束端 处横截面上的正应力和切应力的分布均与材料力学计算结果一致。 关键词：直梁；固定端约束；分离变量法；横向分布载荷；弯曲应力 中图分类号：O34 文献标识码：A SEPARATED VARIABLE APPROACH TO THE BENDING STRESS ANALYSIS OF THE BEAM UNDER GENERAL TRANSVERSE DISTRIBUTED LOAD * HU Wei-ping , ZHANG Xing , MENG Qing-chun (Division 508 of Institute of Solid Mechanics, School of Aeronautics science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191) Abstract: By considering the effect of the constraint at the fixed end, the stress distribution of a straight beam loaded by general transverse distributed loads is analyzed by using the separated variable method. The normal stress and shearing stress distributions along the beam height and axial directions are obtained. The result is compared with the solution of mechanics of materials. It shows that, on the cross section in the vicinity of the fixed end, the distributions of shearing stress obtained from two approaches are much different, but the maximum values are nearly identical, whereas, except for the maximum value, the distributions of normal stresses have little difference. And the solutions of two approaches are accordance with each other in the far field off the fixed end. Key words: straight beam; fixed constraint; separated variable method; transverse distributed load; bending stress 直梁弯曲应力分析是固体力学中的一个较为