介词讲解和例题练习.docVIP

介词 1.??????介词的分类 1) 简单介词???通常指一个单词的介词???如：at，between，in，to等 2) 合成介词???指有两个单词在一起构成的介词??如：into，upon，without等 3) 介词短语???指有两个或两个以上单词组合在一起所构成的介词，如because of，in front of等 ????介词短语的构成??“介词+宾语”结构叫做介词短语。能作介词宾语的有名词、代词、数词或从句???e.g. Who’s knocking at the door?（名词） ????介词短语的用法 A.作状语??e.g. I arrived at the concert hall in time. B.作定语??e.g. Here is a cheque for $30. ?C.作表语??e.g. The museum is just across the street. ?D.作宾语补足语???e.g. We must keep the classroom in good order. 2.??????常用介词用法辨析 1)??????表示时间的介词 ????表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，on A．at用于表示时刻、时刻的某一点 ?e.g. at eleven o’clock \ at noon \??at present B．on用于表示某日，某天的上午、下午、晚上??e.g. on Saturday \ On March 8th C．in用于表示一段时间或季节???e.g. in December \ in spring ????表示前后用before，after A. before:在….之前????e.g. Come and see me tomorrow at any time before eleven a.m. B. after:在….之后??????e.g. Spring comes after winter. ????表示期限等用by，until，till A.??????by:….之前，不迟于?e.g. By the time I arrived, she had already gone. B.??????Until，till:….为止?e.g. The radio worked all night till last night. ????表示期间等用for，during，through，between A.??????for:….之久（表示过了多少时间） e.g. My Johnson stayed in China for 2 weeks. B.??????during:…时期当中????e.g. He woke many times during the night. C.??????through:???e.g. She sat there, alone, all through that day. D.?????between: 在（两个时间）之间，突出时间的起点和终点，相当于from….to e.g. He kept on??working between seven and twelve last night. ????表示时间的起点用from，since A.??????from:….起?????e.g. From sunrise to sunset he waited. B.??????since:….以来?e.g. Since my last letter I have heard from him twice. ????表示时间的经过等用in，within A.??????in:….后（未来时间）??e.g. I heard that she would be back in a month. B.??????within:，不超过????e.g. He will arrive within an hour. 2)??????表示场所、方向的介词 ????表示场所的介词：at，in，on，above，over，under，below，near，by，between，among，around，round，about，in front of，behind e.g. There are many trees around the lake. 【注】表示“某地在….里”时要用in；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”时要用on或to；如果两地有空间距离（不接壤）时，必须用to ????表示方向的介词：in，into，out of，along，down，across，through，to，towards，for，from，over，by，past e.g. You