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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 97 (2016) 603–610
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
journal homepage: www.else /locate/ijhmt
Thermal rectifier efficiency of various bulk–nanoporous silicon devices
H. Machrafi a,b, G. Lebon a, D. Jou c,⇑
a Thermodynamique des Phénomènes Irréversibles, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
b Service Chimie-Physique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
c Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history: Our objective is to calculate and to compare the rectifying thermal coefficient of various bulk–porous sil-
Received 24 November 2015 icon configurations. We consider successively homogeneous devices involving two- and three elements
Received in revised form 17 February 2016 and several graded devices characterized by variable porosity and/or size of the pores along the system.
Accepted 17 February 2016
The criterion is to obtain rectifying coefficients different from one in order that thermal rectification be as
Available online 2 March 2016
efficient as possible. In that respect, it turns out that the porous–bulk–porous configurations are of little
interest, in contrast to the bulk–porous–bulk systems whose rectifying coefficients may be larger than
Keywords:
two and comparable to the values of the simpler two-e
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