分析化学第六版第4章第一次答案推荐.docVIP

第四章：酸碱滴定法习题 6、计算下列水溶液的pH值 1）0.10mol/L 乳酸和0.10mol/L 乳酸钠 解：两者组成缓冲溶液 3）0.01mol/L 邻硝基酚和0.012mol/L邻硝基酚的钠盐（7.21） 解：两者组成缓冲溶液 7、一溶液含1.28g/L苯甲酸和3.65g/L苯甲酸钠，求pH。 解：苯甲酸的物质量浓度为： 苯甲酸钠的物质量浓度为： 则： 8、下列三种缓冲溶液的pH值是多少？如分别加入1mL 6mol/LHCl溶液，它们的pH值各变为多少？ 1) 100mL 1.0mol/L HOAc 和1.0mol/L NaOAc溶液 2) 100mL 0.050mol/L HOAc 和1.0mol/L NaOAc溶液 3) 100mL 0.070mol/L HOAc 和0.070mol/L NaOAc溶液 解： 1) 查表得HAc的。由缓冲溶液pH计算公式 当溶液中加入1mL 6mol/LHCl溶液后 2) 当溶液中加入1mL 6mol/LHCl溶液后 3) 当溶液中加入1mL 6mol/LHCl溶液后 通过计算说明：1）当组成缓冲溶液的组份浓度比一定，而起始浓度越大时，缓冲容量越大；2) 当组成缓冲溶液的组份起始浓度一定，而浓度比越接近于1时，缓冲容量越大； 9、配制pH=10.0的缓冲溶液1L，用去16.0mol/L氨水420mL，需加NH4Cl多少克？ 解：氨水的物质量浓度为： 设NH4Cl的物质的量浓度为cA 11、需配制pH=5.2 的溶液，应在1L0.01mol/L 苯甲酸中加入多少克苯甲酸钠？ 解：苯甲酸和苯甲酸钠组成缓冲溶液 答：应加入14.1克苯甲酸钠。 12、将一弱碱0.950g溶解成100 mL溶液，其pH为11.0，已知该碱的相对分子量为125，求弱碱的pKb 解：假设该弱碱的pH值可按最简式计算 ， （讨论：因 cKb 10 Kw 故使用最简式计算是合理的。） Acknowledgements My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form. Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor dddd, Professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis