(精选)Antibiotic Resistance on the Farm Antibiotic Use in Food Animals教学课件.pptVIP

Comparison of a vegetarian and non-vegetarian nursing home Congress requested a National Academy of Sciences study. NAS suggested no restrictions. Increased disease incidence, may see more foodborne pathogens. Antibiotic Resistance on the FarmAntibiotic Use in Agriculture Gary A. Balsamo, DVM, MPHTM Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health Infectious Disease Epidemiology How much antibiotics are used in agriculture? No one knows for sure 20 million lbs per year (estimate by FDA). Estimates range from 36 % to 70 % of all antibiotics produced in the USA and over 50 % of those produced worldwide Uses of antibiotics in agriculture? Growth promotion and disease prevention (majority) Medicating diseased animals Fish farms Fruit, potatoes, tobacco and others Ornamental plants What antibiotics are used in food production? Penicillins Tetracyclines Macrolides Lincomicin Bacitracin Virginiamycin Aminoglycosides Sulfonamides Streptomycin NARMS 2002 retail food study (preliminary results): 2,513 meats analyzed for the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella (chicken breasts, pork chops, ground beef and ground turkey) Campylobacter was recovered from 47 % of the chicken breasts. Resistance: 15 % of C. jejuni and 9 % of C. Coli were resistant to ciprofloxacin 20 % of C. Coli were resistant to erythromicin NARMS 2002 retail food study (preliminary results): 5 multi-drug resistant strains of Salmonella Newport were recovered from ground beef, ground turkey and pork chops. 1574 meat samples were analyzed for Enterococcus and E coli. 1,070 E coli isolates were recovered Resistance: 52 % to tetracycline 36% to streptomycin 28% to sulfamethoxazole 19% to ampicillin 14 % to gentamicin How does animal use of antibiotics contribute to resistance? Animals consume and excrete antibiotics (approximately 2 trillion lbs of manure generated in USA annually) Animals can transmit resistant bacteria in food Food of animal orig