外研必修二Module 4 Grammar and usage(共35张PPT).ppt

* * G R A M M A R 1 -ing form and the infinitive General introduction to –ing form and the infinitive used as object. 1) The verbs below must be followed by the infinitive when they are followed by a verb. decide /determine, learn , want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help e.g. She pretended not to see me when I passed by. We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. e.g. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving to make their products more competitive. 2) The verbs below must be followed by –ing form when they are followed by a verb. consider/suggest/advise, excuse, delay/put off, pardon, admit, fancy, avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate, mind, allow/permit, escape, imagine, forbid, risk e.g. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed catching. I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon. Besides, some certain verb expressions must also be followed by –ing form be used to; look forward to; lead to; devote to; stick to; object to; get down to; pay attention to; can’t stand; can’t help, give up; feel like; insist on; put off; thank you for; apologize for; be busy (in); have difficulty/trouble (in); have a good/wonderful/hard time (in) 3) The verbs below can be followed both by the infinitive and –ing form, but the meanings they expressed are quite different. forget to do sth./doing sth. (没做 /已做) remember to sth./doing sth. (没做 /已做) regret to do sth./doing sth. (遗憾地做 /因做过而遗憾 ) stop to do sth./doing sth. (没做 /已做) try to do sth./ doing sth. (努力去做 /尝试着做) mean to do sth./doing sth. (打算做 /意味着做) go on to do sth./doing sth.=do on with sth. (继续做另一件事/继续做同一事) can’t help to do sth./doing sth. (不能帮做/禁不住做) e.g. ①She reached the top of the hill and stopped to rest on