牛津译林版8B Unit2 Grammar (共25张PPT).ppt

Present perfect tense—since and for 8BUnit 2 Grammar 2 Step 一、现在完成时复习 用法1：现在完成时态的含义是表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 现在完成时谓语动词的构成：助动词have/has (not) +V-ed（过去分词） Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已经擦过黑板了。)?这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。 用法 2：表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来 He has taught here since 1993. He has taught here for about 20 years. Mike has studied in this school since last year. Mike has lived in that village for nearly ten years. Mike borrowed the books two days ago. Mike has kept the books for two days. We have learnt English _____ 3 years. ______ 3 years ago. _____ we _______(come)here for since came _______________________ How long have you learnt English? for + 一段时间 since + 过去的时间点/句子 就画线提问用how long since Step 二、 for 用法 1、当我们谈论一段时间时用for ,谈论过去时间点用 since 1).Mr Dong has lived here for many years . 2).Mr Dong has lived here since he was born . 2、一些动词如come ,go, leave ,但它们在肯定句中不能与for， since 连用。 1).He has left Beijing for a week . 2). He has not left Beijing yet. 3). He has been away from Beijing for a week. × √ √ 4.He has bought a car since 2007 . 5. He has not bought any car since 2007 . 6. He has had a car since 2007 . 3、 for 和 since 的用法及区别 1. since 的四种用法 1).since + 过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、 eg. 1990 , last month , half past six I have been here since 1990. 1990起，我一直在这儿。 2). since+ 一段时间+ago I have been here since five months ago. 自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。 √ √ × 3).since+从句 Great changes have taken place since you left. 自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。 4).It is +一段时间+since 从句 It is two years since I became an English teacher. 我成为英语老师有两年了。 4、for 和 since 区别 1),Since +时间点，具体时间，“ 自从、、、以来，从、、、以后”,用来说明动作起始时间 I have been in Beijing since 2010. 2),For + 时间段 ，用来说明动作延续时间长度 ，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续性动词。 I have been in Beijing for one year。 We have learnt English for about three years. I have been here for 3 days. (对) I have arrived here