高三英语一轮复习定语从句专项复习课件(共23张).pptx

定语从句专项训练 李璠 定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。 可分为限定性定语从句（与先行词关系紧密不能省略）和非限定性定语从句（与先行词不紧密，只起附加说明作用） 考点一：关系代词 一、基本用法 1、which的用法：which用于指物或整句话，在从句中可做主语、宾语。 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other. 2. that 的用法：that即可指人也可指物，在从句中可做主语、宾语，做宾语that可省略 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 注：that指人可与who、whom互换，指物可与which互换 3、who和whom的用法：均可指人，who在从句中做主语或宾语；whom在从句中做宾语。限定性定语从句中可与that互换。 I have become good friends with several of the students in my school (who/whom/that) I met in the English contest last year. 注：作主语who、that可省略；做宾语who、that、whom不可省略 4. whose的用法：表所属关系，即可指人也可指物，在从句中做定语. 指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom. The school shop，whose customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays. 5. as 的用法：指人、指物，在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语。 Such machine as are used in our workshop are made in China. (限定性定语从句中常用于such…as …, the same…as …结构中) “You can’t judge a book by its cover”，as the old saying goes. 注意：非限定性定语从句中, as表明说话人观点、意图，意为‘正如’，位置可在句子前、中、后，而which只能位于居中，表示“这一点，这件事” 补充：such…as…引导定语从句与such… that…引导状语从句的区别 She is such a clever girl as everyone likes (as做宾语) She is such a clever girl that everyone likes her. （that不做句子成分） 区分：看在句子里是否充当句子成分 二、that与which用法区别 1.限定性定语从句中只能用that不用which （1）先行词为all，anything，something，everything，nothing，none等不定代词修饰 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’ s fault. (2)先行词是最高级或序数词或由他们修饰 The first place that they visited in Guilin was elephant Trunk Hill. (3)先行词被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each ，few，little ，some，no等修饰 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert. (4)先行词有人有物时 They will never forget the things and persons that they have seen or heard of during their long journey。 (5)主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句 Who is the boy that won the gold medal？ (6)句中有俩定语从句，一个已经用which，另一个宜用that They built up a small factory , which produced things that could cause pollution.